LCD stands for Liquid Crystal Display. It is a flat-panel display technology that uses a layer of liquid crystals sandwiched between polarizers and a backlight. By applying an electric current, the liquid crystals untwist to varying degrees, acting like a shutter to let light through and produce images in both monochrome and color
The Backlight: A light source (usually LEDs in modern screens) sits at the back and shines light forward.
Polarizing Filters: The light passes through a vertical polarizer, which restricts it to one plane.
Liquid Crystals: As the polarized light passes through the liquid crystal layer, the crystals—controlled by microscopic transistors—twist and change their orientation based on the applied electrical charge.
Second Polarizer: The light then hits a horizontal polarizer. Depending on how the liquid crystals twisted the light, it is either blocked or allowed to pass through, creating bright and dark spots.
Color Filters: To produce full-color images, the light travels through red, green, and blue (RGB) filters that make up individual pixels.
